Qhov tseeb ntawm hydrogen embrittlement kev sib tsoo ntawm cov hlau tsis sib haum
Soj ntsuam ntawm pob txha lov ntawm hom sib xyaw steel hlau
Daim duab sib dhos ntawm qhov sib tsoo ntawm qhov sib tsoo ntawm cov hlau sib tsoo yog qhia nyob hauv Daim Duab 1. Txoj haujlwm qhia los ntawm cov xub hauv Daim Duab 1 yog qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj tawg.
Daim duab 2 yog duab txiav ib ntu ntawm ntu ntsia liaj qhov rooj nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Los ntawm Daim Duab 2, nws tuaj yeem pom tias ntu ntawm pob txha lov thiab qhov axis ntawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj yog ntawm 90 °. Tsis muaj kab ntawm cov yas deformation tau pom los ntawm qhov ntsej muag hla ntawm ib lub ntsiab lus. Los ntawm qhov kev tawg ntawm cov xim ntawm cov hlau fastening bolts, qhov puas yog mas qhov nyiaj-grey, thiab muaj qhov pom ntawm tan oxide hauv seem nyiaj-grey tau pom.
Yog tias hydrogen embrittlement tawg nyob rau hauv cov hlau ceev ceev, nws tsis muaj kev sib cais thiab tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov tshiab, thiab hydrogen embrittlement tsuas tiv thaiv tau thiab siv tsis tau. Thaum hydrogen embrittlement tshwm sim, nws tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Thaum lub sijhawm sib xyaw cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev tsim khoom siv thiab sib sau ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw (xws li electroplating, vuam), qhov cim tseg hydrogen (hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov tsis zoo 6 txog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 10) uas nkag mus rau hauv cov hlau ua rau cov khoom ua rau nkig lossis txawm tias nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm sab hauv residual lossis sab nraud kev ntxhov siab. Nrib pleb.
Vim li cas rau hydrogen embrittlement puas ntawm alloy steel bolts:
(1) Ib puag ncig sab nraud qhia txog hydrogen. Thaum cov hlau fastening bolts raug rau thaj chaw pabcuam huab cua kom ntev, yuav muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam hydrogen, lossis thaum cov hlau fastening bolts tau txais kev pabcuam hauv thaj chaw nrog nag los hnyav, qhov feem ntawm cov hlau pob tawg yuav ntau dua vim yog hydrogen embrittlement. Txawm li cas los xij, txiav txim siab tias cov hlau fastening bolts piav qhia nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau thov nyob rau sab qaum teb Tuam Tshoj, huab cua huab cua kuj tseem qhuav, thiab muaj nag me ntsis hauv cov chaw pabcuam, yog li nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias qhov chaw sab nraud ua rau hydrogen embrittlement fracture Cov.
(2) Hydrogen yog qhia tawm thaum khaws. Alloy steel hlau fastening thooj tso zis xav tau mus los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xaiv pickling thiab electroplating thaum lawv ua. Cov txheej txheem ob no tuaj yeem yooj yim qhia cov khoom atoms hydrogen. Rov tshawb fawb dua hauv cov txheej txheem pickling ntawm alloy steel kub hlau fastening bolts qhia tau hais tias cov txheej txheem ntawm pickling phosphorus saponification thiab phosphating muaj qhov ua tau ntawm qhia hydrogen, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem phosphating, nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm phosphoric acid, hlau thiab Fe, C suav tsis txheeb galvanic. yog tsim, zaj duab xis phosphating yog tsim rau saum npoo ntawm workpiece hauv thaj chaw anode, thiab ntau cov pa hydrogen tawm hauv thaj chaw cathode. Yog li no, kev nqus hydrogen thaum ua haujlwm yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen rau cov tawg tawg.
(3) Cov tshuaj hydrogen tsis tawm tag nrho thaum lub sijhawm sib tsoo. Lub alloy steel hlau fastening bolts muaj qee qhov hydrogen atoms uas tsis zam thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem zom. Qhov no cuam tshuam nrog qhov ntsuas kub, qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig thiab kev tswj tus txheej txheem thaum lub sijhawm smelting. Yog hais tias cov hlau fastening bolts muaj qee qhov hydrogen atoms ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem melting, cov seem ntawm cov atoms hydrogen yuav txhawb cov txheej txheem tawg ntawm alloy steel hlau fastening bolts thaum lub sijhawm tsim hluav taws xob hydrogen embrittlement.
Qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm cov hlau tsis sib haum yog hydrogen-ntxias ncua kev nkig tawg, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab hydrogen. Qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm hydrogen embrittlement kev sib tsoo ntawm alloy steel bolts xav tau kev txiav txim siab zoo raws li kev siv tshuab ntawm hydrogen embrittlement pob txha lov. Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua tensile lub zog, xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog, xaiv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog siv tshuab (nrog rau txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, txheej txheem electroplating thiab txheej txheem de), thiab ua tib zoo ntsuas kev tiv thaiv.